In programming, even small tips or tools can make a big difference.
For example, a shortcut key or a helpful package might simplify a lot of work and double your efficiency.
Here I’ll share a few small tricks I often use.
1. Use pandas_profiling
to Inspect DataFrames
Understanding your data is essential before doing any analysis.
Although df.describe()
and df.info()
provide basic summaries, they’re limited with large or complex datasets.
The pandas_profiling
library offers detailed profiling through profile_report()
.
Installation
pip install pandas-profiling
# or
conda install -c anaconda pandas-profiling
Usage
It’s very easy to use:
import pandas as pd
import pandas_profiling
df = pd.read_csv("train.csv")
df.profile_report()
You can also export the report to HTML:
html = df.profile_report(title='Titanic Profiling Report')
html.to_file(outputfile="titanic_Profiling_Report.html")
2. Interactive Plotting with cufflinks
Pandas has built-in plotting via .plot()
, but it’s not interactive.
If you want interactivity, try the cufflinks
package.
Installation
pip install plotly # dependency
pip install cufflinks
Usage
import pandas as pd
import cufflinks as cf
import plotly.offline
cf.go_offline()
cf.set_config_file(offline=False, world_readable=True)
df = pd.read_csv("train.csv")
df.iplot()
Left: Interactive chart by cufflinks
Right: Static chart by Pandas .plot()
3. Use Jupyter “Magic” Functions
Jupyter has many built-in “magic functions” that help with analysis.
You can list them all using:
%lsmagic
There are two kinds:
- Line magic: starts with
%
- Cell magic: starts with
%%
%pastebin
Uploads your code to Pastebin for sharing.
Example:
%pastebin prfile.ipynb
%matplotlib notebook
%matplotlib inline
: static plots%matplotlib notebook
: interactive plots in Jupyter
%run
Runs a Python script directly from the notebook.
%run file.py
%%writefile
Writes everything in the current cell into a file.
%%latex
For rendering math formulas.
4. Debugging with %debug
This magic function is great for troubleshooting errors.
Use q
to quit the debug console.
5. Pretty Printing with pprint
pprint
makes dictionary or JSON output much more readable.
6. Highlight Comment Cells in Jupyter
Use different colors to highlight info, warnings, success, and danger.
Blue (info)
Yellow (warning)
Green (success)
Red (danger)
7. Show All Outputs in a Cell
By default, only the last output is shown in a cell.
To show all outputs:
Use IPython’s InteractiveShell
:
8. Use the -i
Flag When Running Python Scripts
Normally we run:
python hello.py
If there’s an error, we don’t get much insight.
Instead, use:
python -i hello.py
Now you can inspect variables after it runs, even if there’s an error.
9. Quick Commenting with Ctrl + /
Select the code and press Ctrl + /
to comment or uncomment it.
10. Undo Cell Deletion with ESC + Z
If you accidentally delete a whole cell, press ESC + Z
to undo it.
Summary
This article shares some helpful tips and tricks for using Python in Jupyter Notebook.
Hopefully it helps you become a better programmer and save time.
Life is short—use Python!